Solana contract development: Use VS Code to develop contracts

Anatoly 2025-10-14 18:38 66650人围观 SOL

In the previous basis, rust and solana cli have been installed. First determine the rust version: Determine the version of solana. It is recommended to use 2.2.12: Switch through the command sh -c "$(curl -sSfL https://release.anza.xyz/v2.2.12/install)" t

In the previous foundation, rust and solana cli have been installed. First determine the rust version:

Determine the version of solana, it is recommended to use 2.2.12:

Switch via command

sh -c "$(curl -sSfL https://release.anza.xyz/v2.2.12/install)"Install VS Code
Open the VS Code page and choose to download the corresponding version according to your system. You need to install rust first, and then install the VC Code plug-in. After VS Code is installed, open VS Code and install rust-analyzer in the plugin location:

Create project

In your own working directory, use cargo to create a project:

cargo new hello_world --libThen go to the hello_world directory and add the dependency of solana SDK:

cargo add solana-program@2.2.0

renew `edition` field to `2021`, otherwise you may encounter errors when building your program.

And add to Cargo.toml:

[lib]crate-type = ["cdylib", "lib"]
In the src/lib.rs file, fill in the following contract code:

use solana_program::{ account_info::AccountInfo, entrypoint, entrypoint::ProgramResult, msg, pubkey::Pubkey,};entrypoint!(process_instruction);pub fn process_instruction( _program_id: &Pubkey, _accounts: &[AccountInfo], _instruction_data: &[u8],) -> ProgramResult { msg!("Hello, Solana world!"); Ok(())}build
implement:

cargo build-sbfSome errors may be reported here. If you encounter problems similar to mine, you can refer to the following: 1. If it is a network problem, such as the URL is not working, there is a high probability that there is a problem with the scientific way of surfing the Internet. You can try to change the app.； 2. Change edition = "2024" in the Cargo.toml file to edition = "2021".

After this command runs successfully, a target/deploy directory, which contains two important files:

one .so files (e.g.hello_world.so): This is the compiled Solana program that will be deployed to the network as a "smart contract".
a keypair file (for example,hello_world-keypair.json): When deploying a program, the public key of this keypair is used as the program ID.

Deployment: Switch to local cluster

solana config set -ul

Open a new terminal and run the following command to start the local validator.

solana-test-validatorDisplayed as follows

Open the VS Code terminal, run the following command, and deploy to the local validator

solana program deploy target/deploy/helloworld.so

Program Id: 73w15hRfWHVansZQ2tEUPaX9phNHEFPT4d34yRzTyu5YSignature: 3biJfGVZgqog3GDbUdmLh9s4pRz2HNzvXrxt7NgvbbL63wh71ujytBqWAmmMtWY3P2RCcX8fRNEHt8gHocyz4NnY

Rust client testing

First create a examples directory and a client.rs document.

mkdir -p examples && touch examples/client.rsAdd to solana-client and tokio Dependencies.

cargo add solana-sdk@2.2.0 --devcargo add solana-client@2.2.0 --devcargo add tokio --devThe code below is a Rust client script that funds a new keypair to pay for the transaction and then calls the Hello World program.

use solana_client::rpc_client::RpcClient;use solana_sdk::{ commitment_config::CommitmentConfig, instruction::Instruction, pubkey::Pubkey, signature::{Keypair, Signer}, transaction::Transaction,};use std::str::FromStr;#[tokio::main]async fn main() { // Program ID (replace with your actual program ID) let program_id = Pubkey::from_str("73w15hRfWHVansZQ2tEUPaX9phNHEFPT4d34yRzTyu5Y").unwrap(); // Connect to the Solana devnet let rpc_url = String::from("http://localhost:8899"); let client = RpcClient::new_with_commitment(rpc_url, CommitmentConfig::confirmed()); // Generate a new keypair for the payer let payer = Keypair::new(); // Request airdrop let airdrop_amount = 1_000_000_000; // 1 SOL let signature = client .request_airdrop(&payer.pubkey(), airdrop_amount) .expect("Failed to request airdrop"); // Wait for airdrop confirmation loop { let confirmed = client.confirm_transaction(&signature).unwrap(); if confirmed { break; } } // Create the instruction let instruction = Instruction::new_with_borsh( program_id, &(), // Empty instruction data vec![], // No accounts needed ); // Add the instruction to new transaction let mut transaction = Transaction::new_with_payer(&[instruction], Some(&payer.pubkey())); transaction.sign(&[&payer], client.get_latest_blockhash().unwrap()); // Send and confirm the transaction match client.send_and_confirm_transaction(&transaction) { Ok(signature) => println!("Transaction Signature: {}", signature), Err(err) => eprintln!("Error sending transaction: {}", err), }}Add and replace Program ID in client.rs: Program Id will be displayed when released before. If you forget it, you can get it through the following command:

solana address -k ./target/deploy/hello_world-keypair.json